In addition to various printing methods, using different production techniques and technologies can produce many different printing methods. The three common printing methods are direct printing, anti-dye printing and discharge printing. There are other printing methods, such as burn-out patterns, which can also be used to produce some special effects.

 

a) Direct printing is a printing method in which patterns are printed directly on a white background or colored fabric with dyes or pigments. It has the characteristics of straightforward and simple process and low cost, and is the most widely used. It is now widely used in printing on various fabrics. Printing on colored fabrics is called overprint. There are manual printing methods, screen printing methods, and printing methods using engraved rollers.

 

b) Discharge print is a printing method in which the fabric is impregnated with a discharging paste that can destroy the impregnated dye, and then steamed or heat-treated to make the impregnated part into a white or colored pattern. At the beginning, a special printing paste containing a suitable dye-releasing agent was used to eliminate the background color in the fabric pattern. If the background color is completely eliminated, only white is left, which is called "white dyeing". Sometimes the background color is not completely eliminated, or a chemically inert colorant is added to the dyeing paste, which will produce a "color dyeing" effect. Not all dyed fabrics can be dyed and printed, because some background colors are not easy to remove. The background dyes suitable for discharge printing are direct dyes, reactive dyes, acid dyes, disperse dyes and basic dyes. Because the pigment is chemically inert, it is not suitable as the base color of the dyeing, but it is most suitable to add the printing paste to produce the dyeing effect. Dispatch printing techniques are often used to print fine and light lines or patterns on dark colors.

 

c) Resist print is a method of preventing dyes from being dyed to form patterns. The effect produced is the same as that of discharge printing. Usually, a color paste added with an anti-dyeing agent such as tin oxide is used for printing on the fabric, and then dyed to form a pattern on the anti-dyeing part. It is a printing method in which the fabric is printed first and then dyed. The printing paste contains an anti-dyeing agent that can destroy or prevent the dyeing of the ground color dye. The anti-dyeing agent prevents the dyeing of the ground color dye at the flower-shaped part. It has a white pattern The process is called anti-whitening. If another dye that cannot be damaged by the anti-dyeing agent is added to the color paste, it is called color anti-printing to make it color in the flower-shaped part. Compared with discharge printing, the application of anti-dye printing techniques in industry seems to be less common, most of which are applied when the background color is difficult to remove. This technique is more commonly used in Batik (Batik) printing. Batik Calico is a common handicraft in some countries in Southeast Asia and Africa.

 

d) Other printing techniques that can be used to produce special effects

 

(i) Flock printing sticks the particles of the fiber on the pattern of the fabric. First, the pattern is printed on the fabric using color paste (not dye or pigment), and then the fiber fluff is exposed to the printed part. Copies. To produce colored fluff printing effect, the fluff must be dyed before printing.

 

(ii) Burnt-out printing is also called transparent processing and corrosion processing (called carbonized printing in Japan). It is a fabric composed of two kinds of fibers. One of the fibers can be destroyed by a certain chemical, while the other is not affected. Therefore, a chemical can be mixed into a printing paste for printing. After printing, Proper post-treatment destroys one of the fibers and forms a burnt-out printed fabric with a special style and transparent style (a mesh effect). Like flocking printing, adding colorant to the printing paste can produce a coloring effect.